Prague in Czech Republic, Prague city tours and holidays

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Prague (pronounced /ˈprɑːɡ/; Czech: Praha pronounced [ˈpraɦa] ( listen), see also other names) is the capital and largest city of the Czech Republic. Nicknames for Prague have included Praga mater urbium/Praha matka měst ("Prague – Mother of Cities") in Latin/Czech, Stověžatá Praha ("City of a Hundred Spires") in Czech or Zlaté město/Goldene Stadt ("Golden City") in Czech/German.

Situated on the Vltava River in central Bohemia, Prague has been the political, cultural and economic centre of the Czech state for more than 1100 years. For many decades during the Gothic and Renaissance eras, Prague was the permanent seat of two Holy Roman Emperors and thus was also the capital of the Holy Roman Empire.

Today, the city proper is home to about 1.3 million people, while its metropolitan area is estimated to have a population of over 1.9 million.

Since 1992, the extensive historic centre of Prague has been included in the UNESCO list of World Heritage Sites, making the city one of the most popular tourist destinations in Europe, receiving more than 4.1 million international visitors annually, as of 2009^[update].

The history of Prague spans thousands of years, during which time the city grew from a castle known as Vyšehrad to the multicultural capital of a modern European state, the Czech Republic.

Since the fall of the Iron Curtain, Prague has become one of Europe's (and the world's) most popular tourist destinations. It is the sixth most-visited European city after London, Paris, Rome, Madrid and Berlin.^[16] Prague suffered considerably less damage during World War II than some other major cities in the region, allowing most of its historic architecture to stay true to form. It contains one of the world's most pristine and varied collections of architecture, from Art Nouveau to Baroque, Renaissance, Cubist, Gothic, Neo-Classical and ultra-modern.

Some popular sights include:

• Old Town (Staré Město) with its Old Town Square
• The Astronomical Clock (Orloj) on Old Town Square
• The picturesque Charles Bridge (Karlův Most)
• The vaulted Gothic Old New Synagogue (Staronová Synagoga) of 1270.
• New Town (Nové město) with its busy and historic Wenceslas Square
• Malá Strana (Lesser Quarter) with its Infant Jesus of Prague
• Prague Castle (Pražský hrad - the largest castle in the world) with its St. Vitus Cathedral
• Josefov (the old Jewish quarter) with Old Jewish Cemetery and Old New Synagogue
• Jan Žižka equestrian statue in Vítkov Park, Žižkov - Prague 3.
• The Lennon Wall
• Vinohrady, a sightly quarter in the centre
• Museum of Decorative Arts in Prague - huge collections of glass, furniture, textile, toys, Art Nouveau, Cubism, Art Deco and so on.
• The museum of the Heydrich assassination in the crypt of the Church of Saints Cyril and Methodius
• National Museum
• Vyšehrad Castle & Cemetery where many famous Czechs are buried including the composers Antonín Dvořák & Bedřich Smetana.
• Písek Gate, last preserved city gate of Baroque fortification
• Petřínská rozhledna, an observation tower on Petřín Hill, which resembles the Eiffel Tower
• Anděl. Probably the busiest part of the city with a super modern shopping mall and architecture
• Žižkov Television Tower (Žižkovský vysílač) with observation deck - Prague 3.
• The New Jewish Cemetery in Olšany, location of Franz Kafka's grave - Prague 3.
• The Metronome, a giant, functional metronome that looms over the city
• The Dancing House (Fred and Ginger Building)
• The Mucha Museum, showcasing the Art Nouveau works of Alfons Mucha
• The vast cemeteries that are also used for walks by the locals, such as Olšany Cemetery
• Places connected to writers living in the city, such as Franz Kafka (One popular destination is the Franz Kafka Museum, also his grave at the Jewish cemetery near the metro station želivského)
• The Prague Zoo elected as the 7th best zoo in the world by Forbes magazine

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